The use of natural resource revenues for achievement of development has been a challenging issue for resource abundant countries. These challenges stem from the fact that incomes from natural resources are non-durable, unpredictable and uncertain. Different countries have pursued various approaches and tools for managing these revenues to avoid economic fluctuations. The international organizat...

The main business of an investment company is to hold and manage securities for investment purposes. In today competitive market Pricing and its methodology are complicated motions. It is very important to define a price that can prevail the competition in an open and free market. In order to define the price certain circumstances should be considered. In the academic arena there have been seve...

this paper concentrates on investigating the effect of monetary instruments on macroeconomic variables using structural model over the period 1981- 2006. the main results of simulation show that decrease in the interest rate, increases investment but it's effect on production (gdp) is negligible. this weak effect is probably due to some factors such as, the introduction of some new project...

This paper studies the impact of public infrastructure on economic performance. We employ three di¤erent methodologies to estimate the returns to public investment. First, we relate growth in total factor productivity to accumulation of public capital. Second, we assess the role of public capital as an input to production. Third, we evaluate the reduction in costs that can be attributed to the ...

Regulation and other forms of public policy toward infrastructure industries were and are designed to support the necessary large-scale investment. Throughout history, with few exceptions, rather pragmatic approaches guided policies. A more rigorous lens was only applied more recently although it often focuses on narrow aspects of regulation. In contrast, this paper develops a broader, integrat...

considering the importance of the agriculture sector in iran, this study investigated factors affecting economic growth and development of the agriculture sector in iran over the period of 1967-2009 for short term and long term, using ardl model. the results showed that the ratios of public investment expenditure to the gdp for short-term and long term have positive impacts on the economic grow...

Governments in Africa are turning to large-scale partnerships with donors and multinational companies to stimulate investment in agriculture. However, so-called mega agricultural public–private partnerships are by and large unproven and risky, and are likely to skew the benefits of investments towards the privileged and more powerful, while the risks fall on the most vulnerable. Oxfam concludes...